Gromwell, Redroot Gromwell, Purple Gromwell, Redroot, Korean Gromwell
Lithospermum erythrorhizon
🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Redroot gromwell is primarily used for its red dye extracted from the root, which can be used as a natural colorant for fabrics, cosmetics, and food. It also possesses medicinal properties in traditional herbalism, particularly for skin conditions and wound healing. In a permaculture setting, it can serve as a dye crop, a medicinal herb source, and a ground cover plant due to its spreading nature. While not typically eaten, the seeds are sometimes used traditionally. There are no significantly different cultivars for specific permaculture uses.
Permapeople description
Lithospermum erythrorhizon, also known as redroot gromwell, is a plant species used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties and as a dye.
Botanical description
Lithospermum erythrorhizon is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Boraginaceae family. It typically grows to a height of 30-70 cm. The plant features erect, sparingly branched stems covered in bristly hairs. Its leaves are alternate, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate in shape, and rough to the touch. The flowers are white, small, and tubular, arranged in terminal cymes. The most distinctive feature is its thick, red-purple root, which is the source of the dye and medicinal compounds. The fruit consists of hard, white nutlets.
Companion planting
There is limited documented information on specific companion planting benefits or detriments for Lithospermum erythrorhizon. However, as a general rule for herbaceous perennials, avoid planting it near aggressive competitors. Consider planting with other woodland edge plants or those that tolerate similar soil conditions (well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral). Further research is needed to determine specific beneficial companions.
Propagation methods
Lithospermum erythrorhizon can be propagated through several methods. Seed propagation is possible, although germination rates can be variable. Root cuttings taken in the fall or early spring are a more reliable method. Division of established plants is also an option.
History and traditions
Redroot gromwell has a long history of use in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine, where it is known as 'Zi Cao'. It has been used to treat various skin ailments, burns, and inflammatory conditions. The red dye extracted from the root was historically used to color textiles, cosmetics, and even food. It has significant cultural importance in East Asia, where it is associated with healing and beauty.
Usage calendar
Flowering typically occurs in spring to early summer (May-June). Harvesting the roots for dye or medicinal purposes is best done in the fall after the plant has senesced. Planting is recommended in spring or fall. Pruning is not generally necessary.