🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Edible fruit consumed fresh, dried, or processed. High in vitamins and minerals. Ornamental tree providing shade and autumn color. Rootstock for other persimmon varieties. Certain cultivars are astringent until fully ripe (e.g., 'Hachiya') while others are non-astringent (e.g., 'Fuyu').
Permapeople description
The persimmon, also known as Diospyros kaki, is a deciduous tree that is native to China. It is widely cultivated for its edible fruit, which is known for its sweet, slightly tangy flavor. The persimmon tree typically grows to be between 20 and 40 feet tall, with a spreading canopy. It has glossy, oblong leaves that are dark green in color, and small, yellow-orange flowers that bloom in the spring.
The persimmon fruit is oval in shape and can range in size from 1 to 4 inches in diameter. It has a thin, papery skin that ranges in color from orange to deep red. The fruit has a firm, slightly grainy texture and is often eaten when it is ripe and soft. The persimmon fruit is rich in vitamins A and C, as well as dietary fiber. It can be eaten fresh, or it can be dried and used in baking.
Persimmon trees prefer well-drained, slightly acidic soil and full sun exposure. They are drought-tolerant and can be grown in a wide range of climates. In colder climates, persimmon trees can be grown in containers and brought indoors during the winter months. To cultivate persimmon trees successfully, they should be planted in the early spring and watered regularly during the first growing season.
Persimmon trees can be propagated by planting seeds from the fruit, or by rooting stem cuttings. They are generally low maintenance and do not require pruning, although they may benefit from regular fertilization. Persimmon trees are winter hardy and can withstand temperatures as low as -20 degrees Fahrenheit. In areas with colder climates, it is important to provide the trees with proper protection in order to ensure their survival during the winter months.
Persimmon trees are valued for their edible fruit, as well as their ornamental qualities. In addition to being eaten fresh, the fruit can be used to make jams, jellies, and other preserves. The leaves of the persimmon tree can be used as a natural dye, and the wood is often used in woodworking and for making furniture. Persimmon trees are also valued for their ability to provide food and shelter for wildlife, including birds, small mammals, and insects.
Botanical description
Diospyros kaki is a deciduous tree typically reaching 30-60 feet in height with a rounded crown. The leaves are ovate to oblong, dark green, and turn vibrant shades of orange, red, and yellow in the fall. The flowers are small, bell-shaped, and usually inconspicuous. The fruit is a globose or conical berry, varying in color from yellow-orange to reddish-orange when ripe. The flesh can be astringent or non-astringent depending on the cultivar. Seeds are typically present, though some cultivars are parthenocarpic (producing seedless fruit). The bark is dark gray and furrowed.
Companion planting
Generally compatible with other fruit trees and shrubs. Avoid planting near walnut trees (Juglans spp.) due to potential allelopathic effects. Consider companion planting with nitrogen-fixing plants to improve soil fertility.
Propagation methods
Seed propagation (requires stratification). Grafting (common for named cultivars). Budding. Root cuttings.
History and traditions
Native to China and cultivated in Japan for centuries. Has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine. The fruit is a symbol of longevity and good luck in some cultures. Introduced to Europe and North America in the 19th century. Used in various culinary traditions around the world.
Usage calendar
Flowering: Spring (April-May). Fruit ripening: Autumn (October-November). Planting: Dormant season (late fall to early spring). Pruning: Late winter to early spring.