Chicory, Common Chicory, Blue Sailors, Coffee Weed, Succory, Hendibeh
Cichorium intybus
🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Chicory is used as a forage crop for livestock, its leaves are edible and used in salads (especially forcing varieties like 'Witloof'), and the roasted root is a coffee substitute. It also acts as a soil improver with its deep taproot, breaking up compacted soil and bringing minerals to the surface. Some cultivars are selected for larger root size ('Magdeburg'). Its flowers attract pollinators.
Permapeople description
Propagation: Cold stratification needed. Dried & grind roots are used as a coffee substitute.
Botanical description
Cichorium intybus is a herbaceous perennial plant with a stout taproot. It belongs to the Asteraceae family. The stem is erect, branching, and can grow up to 5 feet tall. The leaves are lanceolate, toothed, and arranged alternately on the stem. The flowers are typically bright blue, though pink and white varieties exist, and are borne in heads along the stems. They open in the morning and close in the afternoon. The fruit is an achene.
Companion planting
Chicory is said to be a good companion plant for vegetables like carrots, parsnips, and onions, repelling some pests. It is also reported to benefit clover. However, its allelopathic properties might inhibit the growth of some plants nearby.
Propagation methods
Propagation can be achieved through seeds (direct sowing or starting indoors) or by root division of established plants. Root cuttings can also be taken. Chicory readily self-seeds.
History and traditions
Chicory has a long history of use, dating back to ancient Egypt where it was used medicinally. The Romans cultivated it as a vegetable. In Europe, it was widely used as a coffee substitute, especially during times of scarcity. It has been used traditionally for its medicinal properties, including as a digestive aid and liver tonic. Some cultures associate it with protection and good luck.
Usage calendar
Flowering: July to October. Harvesting leaves: Spring and Fall. Harvesting roots: Fall after the first frost. Sowing: Spring or late summer. Pruning: After flowering to encourage further growth.