🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Argan oil is extracted from the kernels and used in cooking, cosmetics, and traditional medicine. The tree provides shade and browse for livestock. The press cake from oil extraction is used as animal feed. The deep roots help prevent soil erosion. The trees are a key component of agroforestry systems in arid regions. Argan oil is highly valued for its nutritional and cosmetic properties, containing beneficial fatty acids and antioxidants.
Permapeople description
Argania spinosa, also called argan, is a species of tree endemic to Morocco. It is the sole species in the genus Argania, in the family Sapotaceae.
Botanical description
Argania spinosa is a thorny, slow-growing tree endemic to the arid and semi-arid regions of southwestern Morocco. It typically reaches a height of 8-10 meters (26-33 feet) with a lifespan of 150-200 years. The trunk is often gnarled and twisted. The leaves are small, oval, and leathery. The flowers are small, greenish-yellow, and hermaphroditic. The fruit is an oval drupe, containing a hard nut that encloses 1-3 kernels. The kernels are rich in oil.
Companion planting
Argania spinosa benefits from association with nitrogen-fixing plants. It is often grown in association with crops such as barley and wheat. It provides shade for understory plants. However, competition for resources can occur, so careful planning is needed. The impact of specific companion plants needs further research.
Propagation methods
Argania spinosa can be propagated by seed, although germination rates are often low. Grafting is also used to propagate desirable varieties. Rooting cuttings is difficult, but can be successful under controlled conditions. Air layering is another possible method.
History and traditions
Argan oil has been used by the indigenous Berber people of Morocco for centuries in cooking, cosmetics, and traditional medicine. It has become increasingly popular globally due to its health benefits and unique flavor. Traditional practices involve women collectively processing the argan fruit to extract the oil, providing an important source of income for rural communities. The tree itself holds cultural significance and is often associated with good luck and prosperity.
Usage calendar
Flowering occurs from April to May. Fruits ripen from August to September, taking a year to mature. Seed collection takes place in autumn. Planting is best done during the rainy season (winter). Pruning, if needed, should be done in late winter or early spring.