Ailanthus-like Zanthoxylum, Prickly Ash, Japanese Pepper Tree
Zanthoxylum ailanthoides
🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
The leaves and young shoots are edible when cooked, imparting a citrusy, peppery flavor. The bark and roots have medicinal properties and are used in traditional medicine for pain relief and as an anti-inflammatory. The plant can be used as a thorny hedge or barrier plant due to its sharp spines. It attracts beneficial insects and pollinators to the garden. The aromatic oil can be extracted for various uses.
Permapeople description
Zanthoxylum ailanthoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae.
Botanical description
Zanthoxylum ailanthoides is a deciduous tree or shrub in the Rutaceae family, typically reaching heights of 15-25 feet. The bark is greyish-brown and covered with prominent thorns. The leaves are pinnately compound, with numerous lance-shaped leaflets that resemble those of Ailanthus altissima, hence the species name. Small, yellowish-green flowers appear in panicles in the spring. Female trees produce reddish-brown berries that contain aromatic seeds. The plant is native to East Asia, including Japan, Korea, and China.
Companion planting
Generally, Zanthoxylum species are considered good companions for plants that benefit from partial shade and well-drained soil. Avoid planting near sensitive plants that may be affected by allelopathic chemicals or competition for resources. Consider its thorny nature when planting near frequently accessed areas or with delicate plants.
Propagation methods
Propagation is typically done by seed sowing in the fall or spring after stratification. Cuttings can also be taken from semi-hardwood in the summer. Root suckers can be divided and transplanted. Grafting is also a possibility for specific cultivars.
History and traditions
In traditional Chinese medicine, the bark and roots have been used for centuries to treat various ailments, including toothaches, digestive issues, and skin conditions. In Japan, the leaves and young shoots are used as a spice and flavoring agent. The plant has also been used in traditional crafts for its durable and aromatic wood.
Usage calendar
Flowering occurs in spring (April-May). Seeds ripen in the fall (September-October). Harvesting of leaves and young shoots for culinary use is best done in spring or early summer. Pruning can be done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Planting is best done in spring or fall.