Yangmei, Chinese Bayberry, Japanese Bayberry, Yumberry, Waxberry
Myrica rubra
🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Yangmei fruits are edible, consumed fresh, dried, soaked in alcohol, or processed into juice, jams, and preserves. The bark and roots have traditional medicinal uses. The tree provides shade and windbreak in a permaculture setting. It is a nitrogen-fixing plant, enriching the soil. Some cultivars, like 'Biqi', are known for larger and sweeter fruits.
Permapeople description
Myrica rubra, also called yangmei, yamamomo, Chinese bayberry, Japanese bayberry, waxberry, or Chinese strawberry, is a subtropical evergreen tree grown for its sweet, crimson to dark purple-red, edible fruit.
Botanical description
Myrica rubra is a subtropical evergreen tree native to East Asia. It typically grows to a height of 10-20 meters. The leaves are alternate, leathery, oblong-lanceolate, 5-14 cm long and 2-4 cm broad, with a serrated margin. The flowers are unisexual, with male and female flowers on separate trees (dioecious). The fruit is a drupe, globose, 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter, with a knobbly surface and a color ranging from bright red to dark purple.
Companion planting
Limited information is available on companion planting specifically for Myrica rubra. However, as a nitrogen-fixing plant, it is likely to benefit plants that require nitrogen. Avoid planting near plants susceptible to similar pests or diseases. Consider the shade cast by the mature tree when selecting companion plants.
Propagation methods
Yangmei can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, grafting, and air layering. Seed propagation can be slow and may not produce plants true to type. Cuttings are a more reliable method for propagating desired cultivars. Grafting is also commonly used to propagate superior cultivars onto rootstocks. Air layering can be used for larger branches.
History and traditions
Yangmei has a long history of cultivation in China, dating back over 2000 years. It is considered a symbol of prosperity and good fortune. In traditional Chinese medicine, the bark, roots, and leaves have been used for various ailments, including digestive issues and skin problems. The fruit has been used in traditional drinks and desserts.
Usage calendar
Flowering occurs in spring (March-April). Fruit ripening and harvesting typically occur in early summer (June-July). Planting is best done in spring or autumn. Pruning is generally carried out after harvesting to maintain tree shape and promote fruit production.