Bastard balm, Balm-leaved archangel, Lesser balm
Melittis melissophyllum
🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Bastard balm is primarily used as an ornamental plant in permaculture gardens, attracting pollinators, especially bees, due to its nectar-rich flowers. The leaves have a mild lemon balm scent and can be used to flavor teas or salads, though this is not its primary use. It's not typically cultivated for large-scale food production but can be incorporated into herb gardens or wildlife-friendly areas.
Permapeople description
Melittis melissophyllum, known as bastard balm, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Lamiaceae, native to southern Europe and western Asia.
Botanical description
Melittis melissophyllum, commonly known as bastard balm, is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. It typically grows to a height of 1-2 feet (30-60 cm) and features oval to lance-shaped, toothed leaves that resemble those of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis). The plant produces showy, bilabiate (two-lipped) flowers that are typically white or pale pink with purple markings on the lower lip. The flowers are arranged in whorls along the stems. It prefers shady or partially shaded habitats and well-drained soils. It is native to Europe and parts of Asia.
Companion planting
Information on specific companion planting for Melittis melissophyllum is limited. However, as a member of the mint family, it generally benefits from being planted near other plants that appreciate similar growing conditions (shady or partially shaded areas with well-drained soil). Avoid planting near aggressive plants that could outcompete it.
Propagation methods
Bastard balm can be propagated by seed, division, or stem cuttings. Seeds can be sown in spring or autumn. Division is best carried out in spring or autumn by separating established clumps. Stem cuttings can be taken in spring or summer and rooted in a suitable medium.
History and traditions
Historically, Melittis melissophyllum has been used in traditional medicine for its purported calming and digestive properties. It was sometimes used as a substitute for lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) due to the similar scent of its leaves. While not as widely used as other medicinal herbs, it has a history of localized use in European folk medicine.
Usage calendar
Flowering occurs from June to August. Seeds ripen from August to September. Propagation by seed is best in spring or autumn. Division can be carried out in spring or autumn. Cuttings can be taken in spring or summer.