🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Blue Ash is valuable for timber production due to its strong wood. It is not typically used for edible or medicinal purposes in permaculture designs, but can provide habitat and shade in a forest garden or silvopasture system. Its unique bark and fall color make it an aesthetically pleasing addition to a landscape.
Permapeople description
A medium-sized deciduous tree native to the Midwestern United States. Its bark and leaves turn blue when crushed.
Botanical description
Fraxinus quadrangulata, commonly known as Blue Ash, is a medium-sized deciduous tree native to the Midwestern and Eastern United States. It typically reaches a height of 50-80 feet with a trunk diameter of 2-3 feet. The bark is grayish-brown, ridged and furrowed, with a distinctive bluish tinge that becomes more pronounced with age. The leaves are opposite, pinnately compound, with 7-11 lanceolate leaflets that are finely toothed. The flowers are small, greenish, and occur in panicles in the spring before the leaves emerge. The fruit is a samara, a winged seed, which matures in the fall. The twigs are four-sided, giving the tree its specific epithet 'quadrangulata'.
Companion planting
Blue Ash can be grown alongside other hardwoods like oaks and hickories. As a canopy tree, it should be planted with consideration for the light requirements of understory plants. Avoid planting it near plants susceptible to Emerald Ash Borer due to the risk of spread.
Propagation methods
Blue Ash can be propagated by seed. Seed germination can be improved through stratification. Cuttings are difficult but may be possible with rooting hormones and specific techniques. Grafting onto other Fraxinus species is also a propagation option.
History and traditions
Native Americans historically used the inner bark of Blue Ash as a blue dye, giving the tree its common name. The wood was also valued for its strength and durability. Early settlers also used the bark for medicinal purposes.
Usage calendar
Flowering occurs in spring (April-May). Seed maturation occurs in fall (September-October). The best time for planting is in early spring or fall. Pruning is typically done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.