Cabbage Tree, New Zealand Cabbage Tree, Cabbage Palm, Giant Dracaena
Cordyline australis
πΏ Morphology
π Growing conditions
π Origin and family
πΎ Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Edible heart and young shoots (though can be bitter and require cooking). Fiber from leaves used for textiles. Provides habitat for birds. Ornamental value in gardens. Attracts pollinators. Can be used as a windbreak. No significant cultivar variation affecting usages in permaculture.
Permapeople description
Cabbage tree is a palm-like tree with a stout trunk and a dense head of sword-like leaves. It is native to New Zealand.
Botanical description
Cordyline australis is a palm-like tree endemic to New Zealand. It typically grows to a height of 4 to 12 meters (13 to 39 feet), with a stout trunk that branches with age. The leaves are sword-shaped, 30 to 100 cm (12 to 39 inches) long and 3 to 7 cm (1 to 3 inches) wide, and are arranged in dense clusters at the tips of the branches. It produces large panicles of small, fragrant, creamy-white flowers in late spring or early summer, followed by small, rounded, bluish-white berries. The bark is thick, corky, and deeply fissured. It is a monocotyledon belonging to the Asparagaceae family.
Companion planting
Generally a good companion plant. Avoid planting directly beneath trees that create dense shade, as it prefers full sun to partial shade. No specific known antagonistic relationships.
Propagation methods
Seed propagation, stem cuttings, and root division. Seed requires pre-soaking. Cuttings are best taken from mature stems. Root division is suitable for established plants.
History and traditions
Traditionally used by MΔori in New Zealand. The young shoots and inner heart were cooked and eaten as a food source. The strong, fibrous leaves were used for weaving into textiles, ropes, and baskets. The plant also held spiritual significance in MΔori culture.
Usage calendar
Flowering: Late spring to early summer (October-December in the Southern Hemisphere). Harvesting shoots: Spring/Summer. Planting: Spring/Autumn. Pruning: Late winter/Early spring to remove dead or damaged foliage.