🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Thorny Broom is primarily used for nitrogen fixing in poor soils and erosion control due to its extensive root system. It can be used as a thorny hedge for security and wildlife habitat. It is not typically eaten. Though related to other legumes, it is not generally considered edible and may contain toxic compounds. Honeybees visit the flowers for pollen and nectar.
Permapeople description
Calicotome villosa is a spiny shrub native to the Mediterranean region.
Botanical description
Calicotome villosa is a thorny shrub, typically growing to 1-3 meters in height. It belongs to the Fabaceae family (legumes). The stems are densely covered in greyish hairs when young, becoming smoother with age and bearing numerous sharp spines. The leaves are trifoliate (three leaflets), small, and often drop early in the season. The flowers are bright yellow, pea-like, and clustered in short racemes. The fruit is a small, flattened pod containing several seeds. It is native to the Mediterranean region and tolerates drought and poor soils.
Companion planting
Thorny Broom is a nitrogen fixer, making it a good companion plant for plants that benefit from increased nitrogen availability. Avoid planting near sensitive plants that may be damaged by the sharp thorns or outcompeted for resources. It may not be suitable for sensitive vegetables or ornamentals.
Propagation methods
Propagation is typically done by seed, which requires scarification to improve germination rates. Cuttings are also possible, although success rates may be lower. Seedlings are best transplanted when young, as established plants are difficult to move due to their deep root system.
History and traditions
Traditionally, Calicotome villosa has been used in some Mediterranean cultures for fuel wood and as a thorny barrier to protect fields or livestock. There are limited records of other historical uses. Its primary use has been ecological, preventing soil erosion on degraded lands.
Usage calendar
Flowering occurs in spring (typically March-May). Seed pods ripen in summer (June-August). Planting is best done in fall or early spring. Pruning is generally not necessary, but can be done after flowering to maintain shape and remove dead or damaged branches.