Queen Anne's Lace, False Queen Anne's Lace, Bishop's Flower, Bullwort
Ammi majus
🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Although not typically considered an edible crop, the seeds have been used sparingly as a spice and flavoring agent. Its primary use is as a beneficial insect attractor, especially for parasitic wasps and hoverflies, which prey on garden pests like aphids. It can also be used as a cut flower. Avoid skin contact with the sap as it can cause photosensitivity in some individuals.
Permapeople description
Ammi majus, commonly called Bishop's Flower, Queen Anne's Lace, or False Queen Anne's Lace, is an annual or biennial flowering plant in the family Apiaceae. It is native to Europe, Asia and North Africa.
Botanical description
Ammi majus is an annual or biennial plant belonging to the Apiaceae family. It typically grows to a height of 2-5 feet. The plant features finely divided, lace-like foliage and large, flat-topped flower clusters resembling Queen Anne's Lace (Daucus carota). The flowers are white and bloom in the summer. The plant produces small, ridged seeds contained within dry fruits. It thrives in full sun and well-drained soil. It is native to North Africa, Asia, and Europe and has naturalized in many parts of the world.
Companion planting
Favorable associations: Attracts beneficial insects that prey on aphids and other garden pests, making it a good companion plant for vegetables and herbs prone to infestation. Unfavorable associations: Can potentially inhibit the growth of some plants due to allelopathic compounds, but this effect is generally minimal in a garden setting.
Propagation methods
Ammi majus is typically propagated by seed. Seeds can be directly sown in the garden in spring or fall, or started indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost. Seedlings should be transplanted after the danger of frost has passed. Self-seeding is common.
History and traditions
Historically, Ammi majus has been used in traditional medicine, particularly for treating skin conditions like psoriasis and vitiligo. The plant contains furocoumarins, which are phototoxic compounds activated by sunlight. It has been used in ancient Egypt and other regions for these dermatological applications. In some cultures, it was believed to have diuretic and antispasmodic properties.
Usage calendar
Sow seeds: Spring, Fall; Germination: 7-14 days; Flowering: Summer (June-August); Seed Harvest: Late Summer/Fall; Pruning: Deadheading spent flowers to encourage further blooming.