🌿 Morphology
🌞 Growing conditions
🌍 Origin and family
🌾 Uses
Warning: Despite the care taken in writing this sheet, it is essential to cross-reference sources before using or consuming any plant. When in doubt, consult a qualified professional
Permaculture uses
Acacia catechu is primarily used for its wood, which is extremely durable and termite-resistant, making it suitable for construction and fencing. The heartwood yields catechu, a tannin used for dyeing, tanning leather, and as an astringent in traditional medicine. It's also a nitrogen fixer, improving soil fertility. The tree provides shade and shelter, supporting biodiversity.
Permapeople description
Acacia catechu is a deciduous tree native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is used for timber, tanning, and dyeing, and in traditional medicine.
Botanical description
Acacia catechu is a deciduous thorny tree growing up to 15 meters tall. The bark is dark gray to brown, rough, and deeply fissured. Leaves are bipinnately compound with numerous small leaflets. Flowers are pale yellow or cream-colored, arranged in cylindrical spikes. The fruit is a flat, oblong pod containing 3-10 seeds. It thrives in dry, tropical climates with well-drained soil.
Companion planting
Acacia catechu, as a nitrogen fixer, generally benefits surrounding plants. It pairs well with crops that require nitrogen-rich soil. Avoid planting it near plants sensitive to shade or drought stress, as mature trees can cast dense shade and compete for water.
Propagation methods
Propagation is primarily through seeds. Scarification or hot water treatment of seeds before sowing improves germination rates. Cuttings are possible but less reliable. Air layering and root suckers can also be used in certain situations.
History and traditions
In traditional Ayurvedic medicine, catechu is used as an astringent, anti-inflammatory, and digestive aid. It has been used for centuries in India and Southeast Asia for dyeing textiles, tanning leather, and as a component of paan, a betel quid preparation. The wood has been valued for its strength and durability in construction and toolmaking.
Usage calendar
Flowering typically occurs during the rainy season (June-September). Seed pods mature and are harvested during the dry season (November-January). Planting is best done at the beginning of the rainy season. Pruning can be done during the dormant season.